Blackberry plant named &#39;Sonoma&#39;

ABSTRACT

The present invention relates to a new and distinct cultivar of blackberry plant named ‘Sonoma’. The new cultivar is distinguished from other blackberry cultivars by its fruit of excellent fruit flavor and shipping quality. ‘Sonoma’ is a thornless mid-late season cultivar. The new cultivar is distinguished from its seed parent by its larger fruit and greater plant vigor. The new cultivar is distinguished from its pollen parent by its larger, better flavored fruit.

1. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0001] This invention relates to a new cultivar of blackberry called ‘Sonoma’. The new cultivar was developed from hybridization of the patented female cultivar ‘Navaho’, U.S. Plant Pat. No. 6679, with the unpatented male cultivar ‘Hull Thornless’. The parents were crossed in Spring 1991 whereafter fruit and seed were collected to produce seedlings for field planting in Watsonville, Calif. in 1991. The new cultivar was selected in July 1993 for its good flavor, thornless canes, season of production and firm, attractive fruit. The cultivar has been asexually propagated, and reproduced true to type plants by in vitro shoot tip culture.

2. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0002] The present invention provides a new and distinct blackberry cultivar named ‘Sonoma’. The variety is botanically identified as Rubus L. subgenus Rubus. The new cultivar produces a floricane crop which begins in early July and continues until mid-September. The new blackberry variety is distinguished from other varieties by a number of characteristics as set forth in Table 1. In particular, the new cultivar is distinguished by its thornless canes with fruit of excellent flavor and firmness which ripens at a time of the year when few other similar cultivars exist.

3. COMPARISON TO SIMILAR VARIETIES

[0003] The varieties that we believe to be similar to ‘Sonoma’ from those known to us are the male parent ‘Hull Thornless’ and ‘Chester’, both unpatented cultivars. ‘Sonoma’ is particularly different from these cultivars by having slightly larger, more uniform shaped fruit, by ripening earlier, and having a less acidic flavor. Further detailed comparison to ‘Chester’ is presented in Table 1.

4. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0004] The accompanying photographs show typical specimens of the fruit, leaves and shoot of the new cultivar, in color as nearly true as reasonably possible in color illustrations of this type.

[0005]FIG. 1 is a photograph showing a primocane shoot and mature leaf of ‘Sonoma’.

[0006]FIG. 2 is a photograph of a ‘Sonoma’ fruiting lateral with fruit in various stages of development.

5. DESCRIPTION OF THE NEW VARIETY

[0007] The following detailed description of the new blackberry cultivar, ‘Sonoma’, is based upon recorded observations of plants and fruit grown between 1996 and 2000 in Watsonville, Calif., and is believed to apply to plants of the ‘Sonoma’ cultivar grown in similar conditions of soil and climate elsewhere. This description is in accordance with terminology used by the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV). Throughout this specification, color names beginning with a small letter signify that the name of the color, as used in common speech, is aptly descriptive. Color data beginning with a capital letter and followed by an alphanumeric code indicate the most similar color designations as provided by The Royal Horticultural Society (RHS) Colour Chart published by the Royal Horticultural Society of London, England. Color designations, color descriptions, and other phenotypical descriptions may deviate from the stated values and descriptions depending upon variation in environmental, seasonal, climatic and cultural conditions.

5.1 CHARACTERISTICS OF THE NEW VARIETY

[0008] Table 1 provides information on the plant and fruit characteristics of the new blackberry cultivar, ‘Sonoma’, compared with characteristics of the unpatented blackberry cultivars, ‘Olallie’ and ‘Chester’. Both ‘Olallie’ and ‘Chester’ are currently important cultivars for fresh market shipping, and thus are comparable to the proposed use of the new invention, ‘Sonoma’. Observations of ‘Sonoma’ and ‘Chester’ were taken in side-by-side comparison in 1999 and 2000.

[0009] The new blackberry cultivar is particularly characterized and distinguished from other cultivars by its fruit with excellent flavor and shipping quality. The fruit of ‘Sonoma’ is very attractive with a solid black color that rarely shows post harvest drupelet color reversion.

[0010] The canes of ‘Sonoma’ are thornless and of low to moderate vigor until well established. Yield of the new cultivar is moderate in comparison with other varieties.

[0011] Sonoma is distinguished from its pollen parent, ‘Hull Thornless’, by being earlier, less vigorous, and having larger less acidic fruit. Sonoma is distinguished from its seed parent, ‘Navaho’, by having greater vigor and larger fruit. TABLE 1 PLANT CHARACTERISTICS OF ‘SONOMA’ Sonoma Olallie Chester GENERAL Vigor Low- Moderate- high moderate high Growth habit semi-upright trailing semi-upright Productivity medium high high Self fruitfulness yes yes yes Number of young shoots medium medium medium CANES Primocanes Anthocyanin coloration absent present present Spines absent present absent color — purple — attitude of tip — horizontal — texture — heavy — presence and distribution absent present; absent on petioles irregularly distributed density in central — medium — third of shoot Internodal distance (cm) - 3 2.6 3.1 central third of mature cane Glaucosity on full weak weak weak grown shoot Strength of full strong medium strong grown shoot Cane cross section angular rounded to angular to angular grooved LEAVES Relief between veins medium medium medium Number of leaflets usually 5 usually 3 usually 5 Leaf color medium medium light upper side 139A, 147A 137A, 137B 147A underside 147B 147B 146A Glossiness of upper surface medium medium dull Leaf cross section concave concave-flat concave Terminal leaflet length (cm) 10.8 8.9 11.1 width (cm) 8.5 7.6 9 shape cordate cordate cordate tip acuminate acuminate acuminate base rounded cordate cordate margin double double double serrate serrate serrate Lateral leaflet overlap of lateral leaflets overlapping overlapping overlapping length (cm) 10.3 8.7 10.2 width (cm) 7.1 6.1 7.1 shape ovate ovate ovate tip acuminate acuminate acute base rounded acute acute to acute margin double double serrate serrate serrate Petiole mean length (cm) 9.4 5.3 7.9 range 7.3-11.1 3.6-8.7 3.9-10.2 pigmentation of reddish green- purple upper surface slightly pink pigmentation of green green- green- underside slightly pinkish pink Length of stalklet short very short medium Rachis length (cm) between 3.8 2.8 3.1 terminal and adjacent lateral leaflets) Stipule orientation erect variable; erect clasping to erect FLOWERS Time of bud burst late early late Time of beginning late early late of flowering Flower size medium- small to small to large medium medium Petal size length (mm) 19.6 16.5 18.3 width (mm) 14 11.7 10.9 Anthocyanin color absent absent present of pedicel Intensity of pedicel — — weak coloration Length of pedicel short long short Flower number (third 1.25 3.6 2 node from tip of lateral) FRUIT Harvest season mid-late early mid-late Dimensions weight (g/fruit) 3.6 5.2 3.2 size medium- medium small small length (cm) 2.4 3.3 1.9 width (cm) 2.1 1.4 1.9 Fruiting lateral length medium- medium medium- (in mid cane) long long mean number of fruit 11.6 6.2 22.8 per lateral range 8-16 3-9 17-40 Shape ovate to narrow ovate round to elliptic much longer ovate as longer than than long as broad broad broad Color black purple- black black to black immature 183A 178A-183B 184A maturing 187A 187A 200A-202A mature 202A 200A 202A Firmness medium medium firm Glossiness medium medium- medium strong Soluble solids 12 9.7 9.9 Titratable acidity (% as 9 13.3 9.9 citric acid) (ml of added 0.1 N NaOH to pH 8.1) Number of drupelets 60 86 40 per fruit

5.2 NUCLEIC ACID FINGERPRINTING

[0012] Distinctive patterns of polymorphism can be detected using a variety of nucleic acid analysis methods. In one non-limiting example, molecular genetic maps can be produced using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) (Williams et al., 1990, “DNA polymorphisms amplified by arbitrary primers are useful as genetic markers”, Nucleic Acids Res. 18(22):6531-5). Using a variety of oligonucleotide primers, alone or in combination, RAPD analysis of Sonoma, Chester, and Olallie yielded DNA fragment patterns that uniquely distinguish each of these genetically distinct genotypes. 

We claim:
 1. A new and distinctive cultivar of blackberry plant, substantially as shown and described. 